1.
Prevalence Of Toxocariasis In Dogs And Its Treatment With Nigella Sativa Saussurea Lappa And Ivermectin
by Adnan Mushtaq | Dr. Nisar Ahmad | Dr. Kamran Ashraf | Faculty of Veterinary Sciences.
Material type: ; Format:
print
; Literary form:
not fiction
Publisher: 2002Dissertation note: Abstract Availability: Items available for loan: UVAS Library [Call number: 0773,T] (1).
2.
Prevalence Of Mange Mites And Herbal Treatment In Sheep
by Asif Fiaz | Dr. Nisar Ahmad | Dr. Haroon Akbar.
Material type: ; Format:
print
; Literary form:
drama
Publisher: 2014Dissertation note: Abstract Availability: Items available for loan: UVAS Library [Call number: 1886,T] (1).
3.
Comparative Efficiency Of Coprological Identificatiocn With Sensitive Detection Of Cryptosporidium By PCR In Domestic and Commercial Chickens
by Hafiz fahad nazir | Dr. Nisar ahmad | Prof DR. Azhar maqbool | Prof. DR. Aftab.
Material type: ; Format:
print
; Literary form:
not fiction
Publisher: 2014Dissertation note: Abstract Availability: Items available for loan: UVAS Library [Call number: 2010,T] (1).
4.
Detection And Chemotherapy Of Demodex Mite In Dogs In And Around Lahore
by Asim rasool | Dr. Nisar ahmad | Dr. Muhammad Haroon akber | Prof. Dr.
Material type: ; Format:
print
; Nature of contents: ; Literary form: Publisher: 2013Dissertation note: Abstract Availability: Items available for loan: UVAS Library [Call number: 2019,T] (1).
5.
Prevalence And Chemotherapy Of Canine Babesiosis
by Faisal Shrif | Dr. Nisar Ahmad | Dr. MUhammad | Prof. Dr. Azhar Maqbool.
Material type: ; Format:
print
Publisher: 2014Dissertation note: Abstract Availability: Items available for loan: UVAS Library [Call number: 2117,T] (1).
6.
Prevalence Of Soil Borne Species Of Toxocara And Ancylostoma In Different Public Parks Of Dera Ghazi Khan
by Muhammad Abubakar | Dr. Nisar Ahmad | Dr. Haroon Akbar | Dr. Jawaria Ali.
Material type: ; Format:
print
Publisher: 2014Dissertation note: Abstract Availability: Items available for loan: UVAS Library [Call number: 2155,T] (1).
7.
Study On The Comparative Efficacy Of Phenothiazine, Levamisole And Ivermetin Against Gastro Intestinal Nematodes In Horses
by Ashfaq Ullah Hashmi | Dr . Nisar Ahmad | Dr . Kamran Ashraf | Faculty of Veterinary Sciences.
Material type: ; Format:
print
; Literary form:
not fiction
Publisher: 2001Dissertation note: The study was undertaken to find out the comparative efficacy of Phenothiazine, levamisole and Ivermectin against GIT nematodes in horses at Lahore. For the purpose one hundred horses irrespective 'of age, breed and sex were exam for the presence of various species of gastro-intestinal nematodes in horses. The coprological examination showed a positive percentage of 64% while 36 cases (36%) were found to be negative. The positive cases had mixed infestation of large and small strongyIids, Parascaris equorum and Oxyuris equi species. Forty naturally infested horses divided in four groups (A, B, C and D), were selected for the drug trial. The drugs used were Phenothiazine @ 55 mg/kg body weight, levamisole @ 7.5 mg/kg body weight (1 mI/2 kg b.w) Ivermectin @ 0.2 mg/kg body weight to the groups A, B, C and D, while the animals of group D acted as non-medicated control.
The mean EPG count was carried out pre-medication and post medication of the said anthelmintics.
Based upon EPG count, conducted on 3rd, 7th and 14th day for each anthelmintic; it was revealed that the mean EPG count of group A (Phenothiazine) showed 62.99, 82.67 and 95.27% reduction in ova output while the animals of group D (medicated with levamisole exhibited 53, 82 and 93% reduction in the said equines). The group C (medicated with Ivermectin showed reduction ofEPG as 79.83,95.16 and 100% on 3rd, 7th and 14th day post medication).
From the results of this study it is concluded that Ivermectin was the most effective as compared to Phenothiazine and levamisole. Therefore, it is stressed that Ivermectin should be used in equines for the effective control of gastro intestinal nematodes. The drug is quite safe and without any adverse effects on these animals.
Availability: Items available for loan: UVAS Library [Call number: 0682,T] (1).
8.
Prevalence And Chemotherapy Of Various Endoparasites In Pheasants
by Bushra Nazeer | Dr. Nisar Ahmad | Prof. Dr. Anjum | Prof. Dr. Azhar Maqbool.
Material type: ; Format:
print
Publisher: 2013Dissertation note: The study was designed to check the prevalence of nematodes in pheasants. A total of 200 faecal samples (100 from Lahore Zoo & 100 from Jallo Park Lahore) were collected from pheasants. Faeces were examined by using direct smear and centrifuge floatation technique. Forty six out of 200 Pheasants were found to be infected with nematodes. The overall prevalence of nematodes was 23%, while 20% & 26% prevalence was reported for Lahore Zoo & Jallo Park Lahore respectively. The overall species wise prevalence of nematodes reported as, Capillaria, Ascaridia, Coccidia, Trichostrongylus and Heterakis 23.9%, 30.4% 19.6%, 2.2% and 23.95 respectively. Then forty five birds were selected for chemotherapeutic trial by using fenbendazole and tetramisole and checked the efficacy of these drugs against the nematodes. The decrease in mean of EPG in faecal samples was calculated before and after treatment. All the Pheasants in group A were treated with tetramisole and mean EPG was 1000 at day 0 (before treatment). The reduction in mean EPG after treatment was observed 293, 220 and 367 on days 3, 7 and 18 respectively and tetramisole efficacy was 71%, 78% and 63%. The lowest (63%) tetramisole efficacy was calculated after 7 day, likewise highest (78%) on day 7 after treatment. The overall percentage efficacy of tetramisole was calculated 71% during this drug trial. On the other hand in group B the mean EPG was 961 before treatment (on day 0). The mean EPG was calculated 226, 193 and 327 on days 3, 7 and 21 respectively after fenbendazole treatment, indicating the egg load reduction 76%, 80% and 65% respectively. In group B, the highest reduction load (80%) of eggs was calculated on day 7 after medication, on contrary 65% on day 18 (post-treatment). The significant difference (p<0.05) was seen in EPG before and after treatment with anthelmintic in group A and B. The efficacy of fenbendazole was found highly significant (p<0.02) than tetramisole.
Availability: Items available for loan: UVAS Library [Call number: 1600,T] (1).
9.
Assessment Of Parasitological Contamination Of Fresh Ad Dry Fruits In Lahore
by Muhammad Anis Khan | Dr. Nisar Ahmad | Dr. Muhammad | Prof. Dr. Azar Maqbool.
Material type: ; Format:
print
Publisher: 2013Dissertation note: Fruits are important part of human diet. Eating unwashed fruits is common in
many parts of the world including Pakistan, but these can be a major source of parasites.
A parasitic survey on fruits collected from major markets in Lahore was conducted for
the discovery of human and animal parasites. Ten species of fruits: Guava, Apple,
Sapodilla, Sweetsop, Strawberry and dry fruits: Apricot, Date, Persimmon, Fig and
Raisins were evaluated in this study. Fifty samples of each fruit and a total of 500
samples were taken for the study.
Hundred gram of each fruit was washed with a cationic solution of Hyamin
detergent containing glass particles for the elution of eggs. Concentration of eggs/cysts
was achieved by centrifugal sedimentation technique at 5000 rpm for 5 minutes.
Sediment was examined under microscope for the presence of parasite eggs, cysts and
larvae.
Examination of fruits revealed nine genera of parasites. All fruits were highly
contaminated with parasites with an overall prevalence of 35.2%. Of parasites studied,
Ascaris found to be the highest (36%), followed by Trichuris (14.3%) and
Trichostrongyloides sp.(11.9%), while the least common parasite was Fasciola (2.9%).
Fruits are the source of parasitic infestation. The most contaminated fresh fruit
was strawberry (54%) followed by guava (48%). Whereas the least contaminated fresh fruits was sweetsop (22%). The most contaminated dry fruits was fig (46%) followed by
date (38%). whereas the least contaminated dry fruits was (20%).
The results indicate that one of the important routes of parasitic infection is due to
consumption of unwashed fruits.
Conclusions:
Strong efforts should be made to prevent contamination of fruits and vegetables
during production, transport, processing and handling, much improvement is still needed
in our country if hygienic production of fruits and vegetables is to be ensured. This study
provides an overview of the hazards associated with eating contaminated fruits. Parasitic
infections like Cryptosporidiosis can be acquired by people if orchards or water sources
near cow pastures become contaminated from infected cows and people consume the fruit
without proper washing. The study needs to be carried out in other areas of Pakistan and
more fresh and dry fruits should be included in the study. Information regarding the
contamination of the fruits should be published in the national newspapers because
awareness of the public is very important for the control of these contaminations.
Availability: Items available for loan: UVAS Library [Call number: 1645,T] (1).
10.
Taxonomy And Control Of Flea Infestation In Cats At Lahore
by Umair Tariq (2008-VA-233) | Dr. Nisar Ahmad | Prof. Dr. Azhar Maqbool | Dr. Syed Saleem Ahmad.
Material type: ; Literary form:
not fiction
Publisher: 2015Dissertation note: INTRODUCTION
Fleas play an important role in causing clinical skin disorders and diseases transmission in man
and pets animals (Rust & Dryden, 1997). Fleas are one of the most important ectoparasites with
more than 2,000 species worldwide affecting mammals, birds, and reptiles (Hsu, 2003). In some
locations, fleas represent over 50% of all the dermatological cases presented to small animal
clinics. Most are limited to hosts with nests as this can provide conditions for the completion of
their life cycle (Linardi & de Avelar, 2014). While fleas on pets are generally considered a
nuisance that may cause some dermatologic problems, they are also responsible for the
transmission of several important diseases in humans and animals (Dryden & Rust, 1994). They
have been involved in transmission of cat scratch disease (Bartonella henselae) (Chomel et al.,
2006; Comer et al., 2001), Rickettsia typhi (Murine thyphus), Rickettsia felis (Finkelstein et al.,
2002; Rolain et al., 2005), and also serve as the intermediate host for the tapeworm Dipylidium
caninum (Rust & Dryden, 1997) and several trypanosomatids (Coutinho & Linardi, 2007).
The term ‘‘cat flea,’’ which is the approved common name for Ctenocephalides felis felis (C. f
felis), can occasionally cause confusion. When it appears in print, it refers to the specific flea
genus and species and not to fleas recovered from cats. There are four recognized subspecies of
C. felis throughout the world: Ctenocephalides felis damarensis and C. felis strongylus occur
primarily in East Africa, C felis orientis occurs in India and Australia, and the widespread C. f
felis occurs in all continents except Antarctica and is the only subspecies that occurs in North
America (Rust & Dryden, 1997). The cat flea, C. felis, is a clinically important parasite of
domestic pets, being responsible for the production of allergic dermatitis, serving as the vector of
Introduction
2
various bacterial pathogens, and being the intermediate host for filarid and cestode parasites.
Flea allergy dermatitis is the most common dermatologic disease of dogs and a major cause of
feline miliary dermatitis (Dryden & Rust, 1994; Rust & Dryden, 1997).
Clinical features vary from asymptomatic to severe hypersensitivity reactions with restlessness,
alopecia from scratching and biting resulting in a pruritic papular dermatitis. Vacuuming of
carpets, furniture cushions, rugs, or other substrata, with a vacuum machine containing a ‘‘beater
bar,’’ will remove many of the flea eggs and larvae. In addition, cocooned pupae at the upper
levels of the carpet can also be affected. The vibration also stimulates adult fleas to emerge from
their cocoons so that they can be collected in the vacuum machine. Therefore frequent
vacuuming, during a flea infestation, can reduce the overall flea burden in the home. It should be
ensured that vacuum bags are disposed of properly, to prevent recolonization of the home with
flea stages previously removed by vacuuming. Because outdoor development of immature flea
life stages is limited to shaded areas, altering outdoor environments to eliminate such habitats
can effectively reduce flea populations. Because urban wildlife, such as opossums, raccoons, and
foxes, are good hosts for cat fleas, pet owners should avoid encouraging visitations by wildlife,
which will affect flea and tick control (see later discussion). Treatment of indoor and outdoor
environments with insecticides requires knowledge of what to use and where to use it. For this
reason, it is suggested that pet owners consult with a licensed pest control specialist for such
applications (Angelbeck-Schulze et al., 2014; Perrins & Hendricks, 2007).
In line with increasing urbanization over the last few decades, flea species that infest pets have
become household pests. Thus, and for reasons of animal and human welfare, the control of fleas
is of great importance worldwide. Despite the increase in the number of products available and
Introduction
3
their use, flea infestation of cats and dogs is still widespread in Europe and on other continents,
whereas resistance of these insects against many chemicals has been detected (El-Gazzar et al.,
1986). Cat fleas are the most important ectoparasite of cats and dogs worldwide. During the past
ten years, topical and oral applications of insecticides such as fipronil, imidacloprid, lufenuron
and, most recently, selamectin have revolutionized cat-flea control. Recent studies show that
these therapies eliminate the need to treat indoor and outdoor environments, and their use
markedly reduces the severity and prevalence of flea allergic dermatitis. Surveys have yet to
reveal the development of insecticide resistance to these chemical compounds. Extending the
longevity of these effective host-targeted therapies should be a major goal of the veterinary
community (Rust, 2005). Availability: Items available for loan: UVAS Library [Call number: 2253-T] (1).
